Population
Contents
- Population structure on 31 December
- Demographic dependency ratio by municipality
- Age structure of population on 31 December
- Population and population projection by age group
- Vital statistics
- Development of population
- Live births and deaths
- Migration
- Population by origin and language, 2019
- Population by language on 31 December
- Population by citizenship
- Finnish citizenships granted
- Asylum-seekers and refugee quota
- Life expectancy
- Families
- Families with children and the number of children
- Population data by region
- Population in the largest municipalities
Population structure on 31 December
| 1900 | 1950 | 2000 | 2018 | 2019 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population, thousand | |||||
| Total | 2 656 | 4 030 | 5 181 | 5 518 | 5 525 |
| Males | 1 311 | 1 926 | 2 529 | 2 723 | 2 728 |
| Females | 1 345 | 2 104 | 2 652 | 2 795 | 2 797 |
| Age, % | |||||
| 0–14 | 35,1 | 30,0 | 18,1 | 16,0 | 15,8 |
| 15–64 | 59,6 | 63,4 | 66,9 | 62,2 | 62,0 |
| 65–84 | 5,2 | 6,4 | 13,5 | 19,2 | 19,6 |
| 85– | 0,1 | 0,2 | 1,5 | 2,7 | 2,7 |
| Average age, years | |||||
| Males | 26,3 | 28,6 | 37,7 | 41,6 | 41,8 |
| Females | 27,5 | 31,6 | 41,0 | 44,2 | 44,5 |
| Language 1), % | |||||
| Finnish | 86,8 | 91,1 | 92,4 | 87,6 | 87,3 |
| Swedish | 12,9 | 8,6 | 5,6 | 5,2 | 5,2 |
| Sami | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,0 | 0,0 | 0,0 |
| Other | 0,3 | 0,2 | 1,9 | 7,1 | 7,5 |
| Marital status, % | |||||
| Single | 60,9 | 53,3 | 47,1 | 48,5 | 48,7 |
| Males | 63,0 | 55,6 | 51,1 | 52,4 | 52,5 |
| Females | 58,9 | 50,8 | 43,2 | 44,7 | 44,9 |
| Married 2) | 33,6 | 39,4 | 38,3 | 35,9 | 35,6 |
| Males | 34,0 | 41,2 | 39,2 | 36,3 | 36,0 |
| Females | 33,2 | 38,0 | 37,5 | 35,5 | 35,2 |
| Divorced and widowed 2) | 5,5 | 7,2 | 14,6 | 15,6 | 15,7 |
| Males | 3,0 | 3,2 | 9,7 | 11,3 | 11,4 |
| Females | 7,9 | 11,2 | 19,3 | 19,8 | 19,9 |
| Religion, % | |||||
| Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland | 3) 98,1 | 95,0 | 85,1 | 69,8 | 68,7 |
| Greek Orthodox Church | 4) 1,7 | 1,7 | 1,1 | 1,1 | 1,1 |
| Other | 0,2 | 0,5 | 1,1 | 1,7 | 1,7 |
| Population Register or unknown | - | 2,8 | 12,7 | 27,4 | 28,5 |
1) Finnish and Swedish are the official languages
2) In 2018–2019 incl. registered partnerships
3) Incl. other Lutheran churches
4) Incl. other Orthodox churches
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 25.3.2020
Corrected on 11 May 2020. The corrections are indicated in red.
Demographic dependency ratio by municipality, 2019
Regional division as on 1 January 2020
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 28.4.2020
Age structure of population on 31 December
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 25.3.2020
Population and population projection by age group
Source: Statistics Finland, Population
Updated: 25.3.2020
Vital statistics
| 2000 | ‰ 1) | 2010 | ‰ 1) | 2019 | ‰ 1) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Live births | 56 742 | 11,0 | 60 980 | 11,4 | 45 613 | 8,3 |
| Deaths | 49 339 | 9,5 | 50 887 | 9,5 | 53 949 | 9,8 |
| Natural population increase | 7 403 | 1,4 | 10 093 | 1,9 | -8 336 | -1,5 |
| Immigration | 16 895 | 3,3 | 25 636 | 4,8 | 32 758 | 5,9 |
| Emigration | 14 311 | 2,8 | 11 905 | 2,2 | 17 263 | 3,1 |
| Net immigration | 2 584 | 0,5 | 13 731 | 2,6 | 15 495 | 2,8 |
| Change in the population | 9 813 | 1,9 | 23 849 | 4,4 | 7 373 | 1,3 |
| Marriages 2) | ||||||
| Couples of opposite sex | 27 751 | 5,4 | 31 925 | 6,0 | 21 920 | 4,0 |
| Couples of same sex | . . | . . | . . | . . | 376 | 0,1 |
| Registered partnerships | . . | . . | 322 | 0,1 | . . | . . |
| Divorces 2) | ||||||
| Couples of opposite sex | 14 096 | 2,7 | 13 807 | 2,6 | 13 311 | 2,4 |
| Couples of same sex | . . | . . | . . | . . | 54 | 0,0 |
| Divorces from registered partnerships 2) | . . | . . | 64 | 0,0 | 72 | 0,0 |
1) Per thousand mean population
2) Marriages contracted and divorces where at least one of the spouses is living
permanently in Finland
Source: Statistics Finland, Population
Updated: 2.6.2020
Development of population
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 25.3.2020
Live births and deaths
Source: Statistics Finland, Population
Updated: 24.4.2020
Migration
Source: Statistics Finland, Migration
Updated: 14.5.2020
Population by origin and language, 2019
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 2.6.2020
Population by language on 31 December
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Finnish | 4 857 795 | 4 848 761 | 4 835 778 | 4 822 690 | 87,3 |
| Swedish | 289 540 | 289 052 | 288 400 | 287 954 | 5,2 |
| Sami | 1 969 | 1 992 | 1 995 | 2 004 | 0,0 |
| Other languages total | 353 993 | 373 325 | 391 746 | 412 644 | 7,5 |
| Russian | 75 444 | 77 177 | 79 225 | 81 606 | 1,5 |
| Estonian | 49 241 | 49 590 | 49 691 | 49 427 | 0,9 |
| Arabic | 21 783 | 26 467 | 29 462 | 31 920 | 0,6 |
| English | 18 758 | 19 626 | 20 713 | 22 052 | 0,4 |
| Somali | 19 059 | 20 007 | 20 944 | 21 920 | 0,4 |
| Kurdish | 12 226 | 13 327 | 14 054 | 14 803 | 0,3 |
| Persian, Farsi | 10 882 | 12 090 | 13 017 | 14 118 | 0,3 |
| Chinese | 11 334 | 11 825 | 12 407 | 13 064 | 0,2 |
| Albanian | 9 791 | 10 391 | 10 990 | 11 806 | 0,2 |
| Vietnamese | 9 248 | 9 872 | 10 440 | 11 094 | 0,2 |
| Total | 5 503 297 | 5 513 130 | 5 517 919 | 5 525 292 | 100 |
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 25.3.2020
Population by citizenship
| Country of citizenship | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | Annual change, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Finland | 5 259 658 | 5 263 678 | 5 260 347 | 5 257 663 | -0,1 |
| Foreign countries total | 243 639 | 249 452 | 257 572 | 267 629 | 3,9 |
| Estonia | 51 499 | 51 539 | 51 456 | 50 860 | -1,2 |
| Russia | 30 970 | 29 183 | 28 747 | 28 528 | -0,8 |
| Iraq | 9 813 | 11 729 | 13 078 | 13 943 | 6,6 |
| China | 8 480 | 8 742 | 9 230 | 9 825 | 6,4 |
| Sweden | 8 040 | 8 018 | 7 996 | 7 983 | -0,2 |
| Thailand | 7 487 | 7 533 | 7 632 | 7 772 | 1,8 |
| India | 5 016 | 5 159 | 5 730 | 6 751 | 17,8 |
| Afghanistan | 5 294 | 5 792 | 6 198 | 6 666 | 7,6 |
| Syrian Arab Republic | 3 355 | 5 290 | 6 016 | 6 579 | 9,4 |
| Somalia | 7 018 | 6 677 | 6 448 | 6 444 | -0,1 |
| Others | 106 667 | 109 790 | 115 041 | 122 278 | 6,3 |
| Total | 5 503 297 | 5 513 130 | 5 517 919 | 5 525 292 | 0,1 |
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 25.3.2020
Finnish citizenships granted 1)
| Country of previous citizenship | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Russia | 2 317 | 1 728 | 2 028 | 2 758 | 1 766 | 1 946 |
| Estonia | 382 | 420 | 459 | 705 | 541 | 658 |
| Iraq | 405 | 560 | 534 | 742 | 621 | 589 |
| Somalia | 834 | 955 | 1 066 | 957 | 856 | 583 |
| Afghanistan | 251 | 242 | 376 | 469 | 339 | 309 |
| Syrian Arab Republic | 16 | 28 | 47 | 118 | 118 | 299 |
| Thailand | 125 | 150 | 193 | 261 | 249 | 281 |
| Turkey | 257 | 229 | 264 | 313 | 210 | 260 |
| Ukraine | 141 | 145 | 163 | 281 | 202 | 255 |
| Sweden | 186 | 165 | 206 | 212 | 210 | 248 |
| Others | 3 346 | 3 299 | 4 039 | 5 403 | 4 099 | 4 221 |
| Total | 8 260 | 7 921 | 9 375 | 12 219 | 9 211 | 9 649 |
1) Persons permanently resident in Finland
Source: Statistics Finland, Citizenships granted
Updated: 7.5.2020
Asylum-seekers and refugee quota
| 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asylum-seekers | 3 651 | 32 477 | 5 647 | 5 047 | 4 548 | 4 550 |
| Decisions on asylum 1) | ||||||
| Asylum granted | 501 | 1 112 | 4 586 | 2 528 | 1 852 | 2 073 |
| Residence permit granted 2) | 845 | 767 | 3 159 | 1 256 | 888 | 888 |
| No asylum or residence permit granted 3) |
2 050 | 1 307 | 14 282 | 3 996 | 1 976 | 2 875 |
| Family reunification | ||||||
| Positive decisions | 1 094 | 986 | 1 179 | 2 080 | 1 752 | 1 531 |
| Negative decisions | 1 035 | 406 | 283 | 619 | 745 | 613 |
| Refugee quota | 1 050 | 1 050 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 750 |
1) Decisions of the Finnish Immigration Service
2) Incl. residence permits granted on the basis of humanitarian and subsidiary protection
3) Change in the statistical practice from the beginning of 2015
Source: Finnish Immigration Service
Updated: 27.8.2020
Life expectancy
| Age | 2000 | 2010 | 2019 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males | Females | Males | Females | Males | Females | |
| Years | ||||||
| 0 | 74,1 | 81,0 | 76,7 | 83,2 | 79,2 | 84,5 |
| 10 | 64,6 | 71,4 | 67,0 | 73,5 | 69,4 | 74,7 |
| 20 | 54,8 | 61,5 | 57,2 | 63,6 | 59,6 | 64,9 |
| 30 | 45,4 | 51,7 | 47,8 | 53,8 | 50,1 | 55,1 |
| 40 | 36,1 | 42,1 | 38,3 | 44,0 | 40,6 | 45,3 |
| 50 | 27,3 | 32,7 | 29,3 | 34,6 | 31,3 | 35,7 |
| 60 | 19,2 | 23,7 | 21,1 | 25,5 | 22,6 | 26,5 |
| 70 | 12,1 | 15,2 | 13,8 | 17,0 | 14,9 | 17,8 |
| 80 | 6,6 | 8,2 | 7,6 | 9,4 | 8,4 | 10,2 |
Source: Statistics Finland, Deaths
Updated: 30.10.2020
Families, 2019
| All | Average | Families with children | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| families | size of family | aged 0–17 | aged 0–6 | |
| Total | 1 467 368 | 2,7 | 558 302 | 265 618 |
| Married couple without children | ||||
| Couples of opposite sex | 533 910 | 2,0 | . | . |
| Couples of same sex 1) | 2 599 | 2,0 | . | . |
| Married couple with children | ||||
| Couples of opposite sex | 396 025 | 4,0 | 318 557 | 150 977 |
| Couples of same sex 2) | 873 | 3,6 | 838 | 556 |
| Cohabiting couples of opposite sex | ||||
| Without children | 224 270 | 2,0 | . | . |
| With children | 122 918 | 3,7 | 111 006 | 69 200 |
| Mother with children | 152 759 | 2,6 | 108 902 | 41 378 |
| Father with children | 34 014 | 2,3 | 18 999 | 3 507 |
1) Incl. registered partnerships
2) Incl. registered partnerships with children
Source: Statistics Finland, Families
Updated: 26.5.2020
Families with children and the number of children, 2019
| Number of children aged 0–17 |
Families with children |
% |
Number of children |
% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 558 302 | 100 | 1 028 030 | 100 |
| 1 child | 238 568 | 42,7 | 238 568 | 23,2 |
| 2 children | 218 920 | 39,2 | 437 840 | 42,6 |
| 3 children | 72 506 | 13,0 | 217 518 | 21,2 |
| 4+ children | 28 308 | 5,1 | 134 104 | 13,0 |
Source: Statistics Finland, Families
Updated: 26.5.2020
Population data by region, 2019
| Regional division as on 1 January 2020 |
Population | Annual change |
Natural increase |
Total net migration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31.12. | % | ‰ 1) | ‰ 1) | |
| Uusimaa | 1 689 725 | 1,1 | 2,0 | 9,1 |
| Southwest Finland | 479 341 | 0,2 | -2,4 | 4,0 |
| Satakunta | 216 752 | -0,9 | -5,8 | -3,0 |
| Kanta-Häme | 170 925 | -0,3 | -3,7 | 1,0 |
| Pirkanmaa | 517 666 | 0,5 | -0,9 | 5,9 |
| Päijät-Häme | 199 604 | -0,5 | -4,3 | -0,8 |
| Kymenlaakso | 171 167 | -1,3 | -7,0 | -6,0 |
| South Karelia | 127 757 | -0,8 | -7,2 | -0,7 |
| South Savo | 142 335 | -1,6 | -8,8 | -7,0 |
| North Savo | 244 236 | -0,6 | -4,4 | -1,0 |
| North Karelia | 161 211 | -0,6 | -5,8 | -0,6 |
| Central Finland | 275 104 | -0,2 | -2,5 | 0,9 |
| South Ostrobothnia | 188 685 | -0,5 | -3,0 | -2,6 |
| Ostrobothnia | 180 445 | -0,2 | 0,0 | -2,1 |
| Central Ostrobothnia | 68 158 | -0,4 | 0,0 | -4,0 |
| North Ostrobothnia | 412 830 | 0,2 | 1,3 | 0,3 |
| Kainuu | 72 306 | -1,0 | -6,4 | -4,1 |
| Lapland | 177 161 | -0,8 | -4,1 | -3,4 |
| Åland | 29 884 | 0,3 | 0,0 | 2,8 |
| Whole country | 5 525 292 | 0,1 | -1,5 | 2,8 |
1) Per thousand mean poplulation
Source: Statistics Finland, Population
Updated: 14.5.2020
Population in the largest municipalities
| Kunta | Väkiluku | Vuosimuutos, % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31.12.2019 1) | 2019 1) | ||
| 1. | Helsinki | 653 835 | 0,9 |
| 2. | Espoo | 289 731 | 2,2 |
| 3. | Tampere | 238 140 | 1,2 |
| 4. | Vantaa | 233 775 | 2,5 |
| 5. | Oulu | 205 489 | 0,9 |
| 6. | Turku | 192 962 | 0,9 |
| 7. | Jyväskylä | 142 400 | 0,8 |
| 8. | Lahti | 119 823 | -0,1 |
| 9. | Kuopio | 119 282 | 0,5 |
| 10. | Pori | 83 934 | -0,6 |
| 11. | Kouvola | 82 113 | -1,3 |
| 12. | Joensuu | 76 850 | 0,4 |
| 13. | Lappeenranta | 72 634 | -0,1 |
| 14. | Vaasa | 67 636 | 0,1 |
| 15. | Hämeenlinna | 67 633 | 0,1 |
| 16. | Seinäjoki | 63 781 | 0,8 |
| 17. | Rovaniemi | 63 042 | 0,2 |
| 18. | Mikkeli | 53 134 | -1,3 |
| 19. | Kotka | 52 126 | -1,4 |
| 20. | Salo | 51 833 | -0,9 |
| 21. | Porvoo | 50 380 | 0,2 |
| 22. | Kokkola | 47 681 | 0,1 |
| 23. | Hyvinkää | 46 470 | -0,1 |
| 24. | Lohja | 45 965 | -0,7 |
| 25. | Järvenpää | 43 711 | 0,7 |
| 26. | Nurmijärvi | 42 993 | 0,8 |
| 27. | Kirkkonummi | 39 586 | 0,8 |
| 28. | Rauma | 39 205 | -0,4 |
| 29. | Tuusula | 38 599 | -0,2 |
| 30. | Kerava | 36 756 | 1,4 |
| 31. | Kajaani | 36 709 | -0,7 |
| 32. | Kaarina | 33 937 | 1,4 |
| 33. | Nokia | 33 929 | 1,2 |
| 34. | Ylöjärvi | 33 254 | 0,8 |
| 35. | Savonlinna | 32 974 | -1,9 |
| 36. | Kangasala | 31 868 | 0,6 |
| 37. | Vihti | 29 158 | -0,2 |
| 38. | Riihimäki | 28 793 | 0,2 |
| 39. | Raasepori | 27 536 | -0,2 |
| 40. | Imatra | 26 508 | -1,6 |
| 41. | Raahe | 24 679 | -0,5 |
| 42. | Sastamala | 24 277 | -1,5 |
| 43. | Raisio | 24 056 | -0,5 |
| 44. | Lempäälä | 23 523 | 1,4 |
| 45. | Hollola | 23 410 | -0,8 |
| 46. | Tornio | 21 602 | -1,2 |
| 47. | Siilinjärvi | 21 423 | -1,2 |
| 48. | Iisalmi | 21 368 | -0,5 |
| 49. | Sipoo | 21 170 | 2,4 |
| 50. | Valkeakoski | 20 972 | -0,8 |
1) The total number of municipalities 310. Regional division as on 1 January 2020.
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 25.3.2020
Main topic: Population
Last updated 30 Oct 2020