Population
Population structure on 31 December
| 1900 | 1950 | 2000 | 2017 | 2018 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population, thousand | |||||
| Total | 2 656 | 4 030 | 5 181 | 5 513 | 5 518 |
| Males | 1 311 | 1 926 | 2 529 | 2 719 | 2 723 |
| Females | 1 345 | 2 104 | 2 652 | 2 794 | 2 795 |
| Age, % | |||||
| 0–14 | 35,1 | 30,0 | 18,1 | 16,2 | 16,0 |
| 15–64 | 59,6 | 63,4 | 66,9 | 62,5 | 62,2 |
| 65–84 | 5,2 | 6,4 | 13,5 | 18,7 | 19,2 |
| 85– | 0,1 | 0,2 | 1,5 | 2,7 | 2,7 |
| Average age, years | |||||
| Males | 26,3 | 28,6 | 37,7 | 41,3 | 41,6 |
| Females | 27,5 | 31,6 | 41,0 | 44,0 | 44,2 |
| Language 1), % | |||||
| Finnish | 86,8 | 91,1 | 92,4 | 87,9 | 87,6 |
| Swedish | 12,9 | 8,6 | 5,6 | 5,2 | 5,2 |
| Sami | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,0 | 0,0 | 0,0 |
| Russian | 0,3 | 0,1 | 0,5 | 1,4 | 1,4 |
| Other | 0,0 | 0,1 | 1,4 | 5,4 | 5,7 |
| Marital status, % | |||||
| Single | 60,9 | 53,3 | 47,1 | 48,4 | 48,5 |
| Males | 63,0 | 55,6 | 51,1 | 52,2 | 52,4 |
| Females | 58,9 | 50,8 | 43,2 | 44,6 | 44,7 |
| Married 2) | 33,6 | 39,4 | 38,3 | 36,1 | 35,9 |
| Males | 34,0 | 41,2 | 39,2 | 36,6 | 36,3 |
| Females | 33,2 | 38,0 | 37,5 | 35,7 | 35,5 |
| Divorced and widowed 2) | 5,5 | 7,2 | 14,6 | 15,5 | 15,6 |
| Males | 3,0 | 3,2 | 9,7 | 11,2 | 11,3 |
| Females | 7,9 | 11,2 | 19,3 | 19,7 | 19,8 |
| Religion, % | |||||
| Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland | 3) 98,1 | 95,0 | 85,1 | 70,9 | 69,8 |
| Greek Orthodox Church | 4) 1,7 | 1,7 | 1,1 | 1,1 | 1,1 |
| Other | 0,2 | 0,5 | 1,1 | 1,6 | 1,7 |
| Population Register or unknown | - | 2,8 | 12,7 | 26,3 | 27,4 |
1) Finnish and Swedish are the official languages
2) In 2017–2018 incl. registered partnerships
3) Incl. other Lutheran churches
4) Incl. other Orthodox churches
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 1.4.2019
Population projection
| 2020 | 2030 | 2040 | 2050 | 2060 | 2070 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population, thousand | 5 543 | 5 612 | 5 602 | 5 532 | 5 448 | 5 371 |
| Age, % | ||||||
| 0–14 | 15,6 | 13,5 | 13,1 | 12,8 | 12,0 | 11,6 |
| 15–64 | 61,7 | 60,3 | 59,7 | 58,5 | 56,9 | 55,3 |
| 65–84 | 19,9 | 22,3 | 21,1 | 21,8 | 23,9 | 24,4 |
| 85– | 2,8 | 3,9 | 6,1 | 6,9 | 7,2 | 8,7 |
Source: Statistics Finland, Population projection
Updated: 17.12.2018
Demographic dependency ratio by municipality, 2018
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 8.8.2018
Age structure of population on 31 December
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 1.4.2019
Vital statistics
| 2000 | ‰ 1) | 2010 | ‰ 1) | 2018 | ‰ 1) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Live births | 56 742 | 11,0 | 60 980 | 11,4 | 47 577 | 8,6 |
| Deaths | 49 339 | 9,5 | 50 887 | 9,5 | 54 527 | 9,9 |
| Excess of births | 7 403 | 1,4 | 10 093 | 1,9 | -6 950 | -1,3 |
| Immigration | 16 895 | 3,3 | 25 636 | 4,8 | 31 106 | 5,6 |
| Emigration | 14 311 | 2,8 | 11 905 | 2,2 | 19 141 | 3,5 |
| Net immigration | 2 584 | 0,5 | 13 731 | 2,6 | 11 965 | 2,2 |
| Population growth | 9 813 | 1,9 | 23 849 | 4,4 | 4 789 | 0,9 |
| Marriages | ||||||
| Couples of opposite sex 2) | 27 749 | 5,4 | 31 925 | 6,0 | 23 412 | 4,2 |
| Couples of same sex 2) | . . | . . | . . | . . | 387 | 0,1 |
| Registered partnerships | . . | . . | 322 | 0,1 | . . | . . |
| Divorces | ||||||
| Couples of opposite sex 2) | 14 096 | 2,7 | 13 807 | 2,6 | 13 116 | 2,4 |
| Couples of same sex 2) | . . | . . | . . | . . | 29 | 0,0 |
| Divorces from registered partnerships 2) | . . | . . | 64 | 0,0 | 103 | 0,0 |
1) Per thousand mean population
2) Marriages contracted and divorces where at the time of the event at least one of the
spouses is living permanently in Finland
Source: Statistics Finland, Population
Updated: 20.6.2019
Development of population
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 1.4.2019
Live births and deaths
Source: Statistics Finland, Population
Updated: 26.4.2019
Migration
Source: Statistics Finland, Migration
Updated: 19.6.2019
Population by origin, country of birth and language, 2017
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 9.8.2018
Population by language on 31 December
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Finnish | 4 865 628 | 4 857 795 | 4 848 761 | 4 835 778 |
| Swedish | 290 161 | 289 540 | 289 052 | 288 400 |
| Sami | 1 957 | 1 969 | 1 992 | 1 995 |
| Other languages total | 329 562 | 353 993 | 373 325 | 391 746 |
| Russian | 72 436 | 75 444 | 77 177 | 79 225 |
| Estonian | 48 087 | 49 241 | 49 590 | 49 691 |
| Arabic | 16 713 | 21 783 | 26 467 | 29 462 |
| Somali | 17 871 | 19 059 | 20 007 | 20 944 |
| English | 17 784 | 18 758 | 19 626 | 20 713 |
| Kurdish | 11 271 | 12 226 | 13 327 | 14 054 |
| Persian, Farsi | 8 745 | 10 882 | 12 090 | 13 017 |
| Chinese | 10 722 | 11 334 | 11 825 | 12 407 |
| Albanian | 9 233 | 9 791 | 10 391 | 10 990 |
| Vietnamese | 8 273 | 9 248 | 9 872 | 10 440 |
| Total | 5 487 308 | 5 503 297 | 5 513 130 | 5 517 919 |
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 1.4.2019
Foreigners in Finland
| Country of citizenship | 2017 | % | 2018 | % | Annual change, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estonia | 51 539 | 20,7 | 51 456 | 20,0 | -0,2 |
| Russia | 29 183 | 11,7 | 28 747 | 11,2 | -1,5 |
| Iraq | 11 729 | 4,7 | 13 078 | 5,1 | 11,5 |
| China | 8 742 | 3,5 | 9 230 | 3,6 | 5,6 |
| Sweden | 8 018 | 3,2 | 7 996 | 3,1 | -0,3 |
| Thailand | 7 533 | 3,0 | 7 632 | 3,0 | 1,3 |
| Somalia | 6 677 | 2,7 | 6 448 | 2,5 | -3,4 |
| Afghanistan | 5 792 | 2,3 | 6 198 | 2,4 | 7,0 |
| Syrian Arab Republic | 5 290 | 2,1 | 6 016 | 2,3 | 13,7 |
| Viet Nam | 5 603 | 2,2 | 5 941 | 2,3 | 6,0 |
| Others | 109 346 | 43,8 | 114 830 | 44,6 | 5,0 |
| Total | 249 452 | 100 | 257 572 | 100 | 3,3 |
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 1.4.2019
Finnish citizenships granted 1)
| Country of previous citizenship | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Russia | 2 103 | 2 317 | 1 728 | 2 028 | 2 758 | 1 766 |
| Somalia | 814 | 834 | 955 | 1 066 | 957 | 856 |
| Iraq | 521 | 405 | 560 | 534 | 742 | 621 |
| Estonia | 436 | 382 | 420 | 459 | 705 | 541 |
| Afghanistan | 479 | 251 | 242 | 376 | 469 | 339 |
| Thailand | 104 | 125 | 150 | 193 | 261 | 249 |
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | 341 | 219 | 140 | 222 | 309 | 244 |
| Sweden | 146 | 186 | 165 | 206 | 212 | 210 |
| Turkey | 271 | 257 | 229 | 264 | 313 | 210 |
| Ukraine | 157 | 141 | 145 | 163 | 281 | 202 |
| Others | 3 558 | 3 143 | 3 187 | 3 864 | 5 212 | 3 973 |
| Total | 8 930 | 8 260 | 7 921 | 9 375 | 12 219 | 9 211 |
1) Persons permanently resident in Finland
Source: Statistics Finland, Citizenships granted
Updated: 13.9.2019
Asylum-seekers and refugee quota
| 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asylum-seekers | 3 238 | 3 651 | 32 476 | 5 651 | 5 046 | 4 548 |
| Decisions on asylum 1) | ||||||
| Asylum granted | 556 | 501 | 1 112 | 4 586 | 2 528 | 1 852 |
| Residence permit granted 2) | 1 271 | 845 | 767 | 3 159 | 1 256 | 888 |
| No asylum or residence permit granted 3) |
1 903 | 2 050 | 1 307 | 14 282 | 3 996 | 1 976 |
| Family reunification | ||||||
| Positive decisions | 875 | 1 094 | 986 | 1 179 | 2 080 | 1 752 |
| Negative decisions | 1 692 | 1 035 | 406 | 283 | 619 | 745 |
| Refugee quota | 750 | 1 050 | 1 050 | 750 | 750 | 750 |
1) Decisions of the Finnish Immigration Service
2) Incl. residence permits granted on the basis of humanitarian and subsidiary protection
3) Change in the statistical practice from the beginning of 2015
Source: Finnish Immigration Service
Updated: 26.4.2019
Life expectancy
| Age | 2000 | 2010 | 2017 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males | Females | Males | Females | Males | Females | |
| Years | ||||||
| 0 | 74,1 | 81,0 | 76,7 | 83,2 | 78,7 | 84,2 |
| 10 | 64,6 | 71,4 | 67,0 | 73,5 | 68,9 | 74,4 |
| 20 | 54,8 | 61,5 | 57,2 | 63,6 | 59,1 | 64,5 |
| 30 | 45,4 | 51,7 | 47,8 | 53,8 | 49,6 | 54,7 |
| 40 | 36,1 | 42,1 | 38,3 | 44,0 | 40,0 | 45,0 |
| 50 | 27,3 | 32,7 | 29,3 | 34,6 | 30,8 | 35,3 |
| 60 | 19,2 | 23,7 | 21,1 | 25,5 | 22,1 | 26,2 |
| 70 | 12,1 | 15,2 | 13,8 | 17,0 | 14,6 | 17,6 |
| 80 | 6,6 | 8,2 | 7,6 | 9,4 | 8,1 | 9,9 |
Source: Statistics Finland, Deaths
Updated: 19.12.2018
Families, 2018
| All | Average | Families with children | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| families | size of family | aged 0–17 | aged 0–6 | |
| Total | 1 468 681 | 2,8 | 561 965 | 272 606 |
| Married couple without children | ||||
| Couples of opposite sex | 532 304 | 2,0 | . | . |
| Couples of same sex 1) | 2 440 | 2,0 | . | . |
| Married couple with children | ||||
| Couples of opposite sex | 404 142 | 4,0 | 324 092 | 156 949 |
| Couples of same sex 2) | 822 | 3,7 | 785 | 543 |
| Cohabiting couples of opposite sex | ||||
| Without children | 220 179 | 2,0 | . | . |
| With children | 122 614 | 3,7 | 110 648 | 69 790 |
| Mother with children | 152 888 | 2,6 | 108 112 | 41 918 |
| Father with children | 33 292 | 2,3 | 18 328 | 3 406 |
1) Incl. registered partnerships
2) Incl. registered partnerships with children
Source: Statistics Finland, Families
Updated: 25.6.2019
Families with children and the number of children, 2018
| Number of children aged 0–17 |
Families with children | % | Number of children | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 561 965 | 100 | 1 037 995 | 100 |
| 1 child | 239 248 | 42,6 | 239 248 | 23,0 |
| 2 children | 219 788 | 39,1 | 439 576 | 42,3 |
| 3 children | 74 105 | 13,2 | 222 315 | 21,4 |
| 4+ children | 28 824 | 5,1 | 136 856 | 13,2 |
Source: Statistics Finland, Families
Updated: 28.5.2019
Population data by region, 2018
| Regional division as on 1 January 2019 |
Population | Annual change |
Excess of births |
Total net migration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31.12. | % | ‰ 1) | ‰ 1) 2) | |
| Uusimaa | 1 671 024 | 0,9 | 2,3 | 8,5 |
| Southwest Finland | 478 582 | 0,2 | -2,1 | 4,8 |
| Satakunta | 218 624 | -0,8 | -5,2 | -2,8 |
| Kanta-Häme | 171 364 | -0,8 | -3,8 | -3,7 |
| Pirkanmaa | 515 095 | 0,6 | -0,7 | 7,0 |
| Päijät-Häme | 200 629 | -0,3 | -3,9 | 1,1 |
| Kymenlaakso | 173 388 | -1,2 | -7,0 | -4,5 |
| South Karelia | 128 756 | -0,9 | -6,2 | -2,4 |
| South Savo | 144 615 | -1,8 | -8,8 | -8,7 |
| North Savo | 245 602 | -0,4 | -3,7 | -0,1 |
| North Karelia | 162 240 | -0,5 | -5,2 | 0,7 |
| Central Finland | 275 521 | -0,2 | -2,6 | 1,1 |
| South Ostrobothnia | 189 715 | -0,6 | -3,0 | -3,2 |
| Ostrobothnia | 180 794 | -0,1 | -0,2 | -0,5 |
| Central Ostrobothnia | 68 437 | -0,5 | 0,7 | -5,6 |
| North Ostrobothnia | 412 161 | 0,1 | 1,6 | -0,7 |
| Kainuu | 73 061 | -1,2 | -6,4 | -5,5 |
| Lapland | 178 522 | -0,4 | -4,3 | 0,5 |
| Åland | 29 789 | 1,0 | 0,3 | 10,7 |
| Whole country | 5 517 919 | 0,1 | -1,3 | 2,8 |
1) Per thousand mean poplulation
2) Preliminary data
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 28.5.2019
Population in the largest municipalities
| Population | Annual change, % | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 31.12.2018 1) | 2018 1) | ||
| 1. | Helsinki | 648 042 | 0,7 |
| 2. | Espoo | 283 632 | 1,6 |
| 3. | Tampere | 235 239 | 1,5 |
| 4. | Vantaa | 228 166 | 2,3 |
| 5. | Oulu | 203 567 | 0,9 |
| 6. | Turku | 191 331 | 0,9 |
| 7. | Jyväskylä | 141 305 | 0,8 |
| 8. | Lahti | 119 951 | 0,3 |
| 9. | Kuopio | 118 664 | 0,4 |
| 10. | Pori | 84 403 | -0,2 |
| 11. | Kouvola | 83 177 | -1,2 |
| 12. | Joensuu | 76 551 | 0,6 |
| 13. | Lappeenranta | 72 699 | -0,3 |
| 14. | Vaasa | 67 552 | 0,2 |
| 15. | Hämeenlinna | 67 532 | -0,2 |
| 16. | Seinäjoki | 63 288 | 1,0 |
| 17. | Rovaniemi | 62 922 | 0,8 |
| 18. | Mikkeli | 53 818 | -0,8 |
| 19. | Kotka | 52 883 | -1,2 |
| 20. | Salo | 52 321 | -1,3 |
| 21. | Porvoo | 50 262 | 0,2 |
| 22. | Kokkola | 47 657 | -0,1 |
| 23. | Hyvinkää | 46 504 | -0,5 |
| 24. | Lohja | 46 296 | -1,0 |
| 25. | Järvenpää | 43 410 | 2,0 |
| 26. | Nurmijärvi | 42 665 | 1,2 |
| 27. | Rauma | 39 360 | -0,7 |
| 28. | Kirkkonummi | 39 262 | 0,2 |
| 29. | Tuusula | 38 664 | 0,0 |
| 30. | Kajaani | 36 973 | -0,7 |
| 31. | Kerava | 36 254 | 2,0 |
| 32. | Savonlinna | 33 611 | -3,0 |
| 33. | Nokia | 33 527 | 0,6 |
| 34. | Kaarina | 33 458 | 1,1 |
| 35. | Ylöjärvi | 32 983 | 0,3 |
| 36. | Kangasala | 31 676 | 0,8 |
| 37. | Vihti | 29 211 | 0,5 |
| 38. | Riihimäki | 28 736 | -1,0 |
| 39. | Raasepori | 27 592 | -0,9 |
| 40. | Imatra | 26 932 | -1,2 |
| 41. | Raahe | 24 811 | -0,8 |
| 42. | Sastamala | 24 651 | -0,7 |
| 43. | Raisio | 24 178 | -0,2 |
| 44. | Hollola | 23 602 | -0,8 |
| 45. | Lempäälä | 23 206 | 1,7 |
| 46. | Tornio | 21 875 | -0,2 |
| 47. | Siilinjärvi | 21 674 | 0,1 |
| 48. | Iisalmi | 21 472 | -0,8 |
| 49. | Valkeakoski | 21 137 | 0,0 |
| 50. | Kemi | 21 021 | -1,1 |
1) The total number of municipalities 311. Regional division as on 1 January 2019.
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 3.4.2019
Main topic: Population
Last updated 13 Sep 2019