Population
Population structure on 31 December
| 1900 | 1950 | 2000 | 2016 | 2017 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population, thousand | |||||
| Total | 2 656 | 4 030 | 5 181 | 5 503 | 5 513 |
| Males | 1 311 | 1 926 | 2 529 | 2 712 | 2 719 |
| Females | 1 345 | 2 104 | 2 652 | 2 791 | 2 794 |
| Age, % | |||||
| 0–14 | 35,1 | 30,0 | 18,1 | 16,2 | 16,2 |
| 15–64 | 59,6 | 63,4 | 66,9 | 62,9 | 62,5 |
| 65–84 | 5,2 | 6,4 | 13,5 | 18,3 | 18,7 |
| 85– | 0,1 | 0,2 | 1,5 | 2,6 | 2,7 |
| Average age, years | |||||
| Males | 26,3 | 28,6 | 37,7 | 41,1 | 41,3 |
| Females | 27,5 | 31,6 | 41,0 | 43,8 | 44,0 |
| Language 1), % | |||||
| Finnish | 86,8 | 91,1 | 92,4 | 88,3 | 87,9 |
| Swedish | 12,9 | 8,6 | 5,6 | 5,3 | 5,2 |
| Sami | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,0 | 0,0 | 0,0 |
| Russian | 0,3 | 0,1 | 0,5 | 1,4 | 1,4 |
| Other | 0,0 | 0,1 | 1,4 | 5,1 | 5,4 |
| Marital status, % | |||||
| Single | 60,9 | 53,3 | 47,1 | 48,2 | 48,4 |
| Males | 63,0 | 55,6 | 51,1 | 52,1 | 52,2 |
| Females | 58,9 | 50,8 | 43,2 | 44,5 | 44,6 |
| Married 2) | 33,6 | 39,4 | 38,3 | 36,3 | 36,1 |
| Males | 34,0 | 41,2 | 39,2 | 36,8 | 36,6 |
| Females | 33,2 | 38,0 | 37,5 | 35,8 | 35,7 |
| Divorced and widowed 2) | 5,5 | 7,2 | 14,6 | 15,5 | 15,5 |
| Males | 3,0 | 3,2 | 9,7 | 11,1 | 11,2 |
| Females | 7,9 | 11,2 | 19,3 | 19,7 | 19,7 |
| Religion, % | |||||
| Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland | 3) 98,1 | 95,0 | 85,1 | 72,0 | 70,9 |
| Greek Orthodox Church | 4) 1,7 | 1,7 | 1,1 | 1,1 | 1,1 |
| Other | 0,2 | 0,5 | 1,1 | 1,6 | 1,6 |
| Population Register or unknown | - | 2,8 | 12,7 | 25,3 | 26,3 |
1) Finnish and Swedish are the official languages
2) From 2010 including registered partnerships
3) Incl. other Lutheran churches
4) Incl. other Orthodox churches
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 17.12.2018
Population projection
| 2020 | 2030 | 2040 | 2050 | 2060 | 2070 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population, thousand | 5 543 | 5 612 | 5 602 | 5 532 | 5 448 | 5 371 |
| Age, % | ||||||
| 0–14 | 15,6 | 13,5 | 13,1 | 12,8 | 12,0 | 11,6 |
| 15–64 | 61,7 | 60,3 | 59,7 | 58,5 | 56,9 | 55,3 |
| 65–84 | 19,9 | 22,3 | 21,1 | 21,8 | 23,9 | 24,4 |
| 85– | 2,8 | 3,9 | 6,1 | 6,9 | 7,2 | 8,7 |
Source: Statistics Finland, Population projection
Updated: 17.12.2018
Demographic dependency ratio by municipality, 2017
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 8.8.2018
Age structure of population on 31 December
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 4.4.2018
Vital statistics
| 2000 | ‰ 1) | 2010 | ‰ 1) | 2017 | ‰ 1) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Live births | 56 742 | 11,0 | 60 980 | 11,4 | 50 321 | 9,1 |
| Deaths | 49 339 | 9,5 | 50 887 | 9,5 | 53 722 | 9,8 |
| Excess of births | 7 403 | 1,4 | 10 093 | 1,9 | -3 401 | -0,6 |
| Immigration | 16 895 | 3,3 | 25 636 | 4,8 | 31 797 | 5,8 |
| Emigration | 14 311 | 2,8 | 11 905 | 2,2 | 16 973 | 3,1 |
| Net immigration | 2 584 | 0,5 | 13 731 | 2,6 | 14 824 | 2,7 |
| Population growth | 9 813 | 1,9 | 23 849 | 4,4 | 9 833 | 1,8 |
| Marriages | ||||||
| Couples of opposite sex | 27 749 | 5,4 | 31 925 | 6,0 | 25 988 | 4,7 |
| Couples of same sex | . . | . . | . . | . . | 554 | 0,1 |
| Registered partnerships | . . | . . | 322 | 0,1 | 36 | 0,0 |
| Divorces | ||||||
| Couples of opposite sex | 14 096 | 2,7 | 13 807 | 2,6 | 13 483 | 2,4 |
| Couples of same sex | . . | . . | . . | . . | 2 | 0,0 |
| Divorces from registered partnerships |
. . | . . | 64 | 0,0 | 131 | 0,0 |
1) Per thousand mean population
Source: Statistics Finland, Population
Updated: 10.12.2018
Development of population
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 18.12.2018
Live births and deaths
Source: Statistics Finland, Population
Updated: 18.12.2018
Migration
Source: Statistics Finland, Migration
Updated: 18.12.2018
Population by origin, country of birth and language, 2017
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 9.8.2018
Population by language on 31 December
| 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Finnish | 4 868 751 | 4 865 628 | 4 857 795 | 4 848 761 |
| Swedish | 290 747 | 290 161 | 289 540 | 289 052 |
| Sami | 1 949 | 1 957 | 1 969 | 1 992 |
| Other languages total | 310 306 | 329 562 | 353 993 | 373 325 |
| Russian | 69 614 | 72 436 | 75 444 | 77 177 |
| Estonian | 46 195 | 48 087 | 49 241 | 49 590 |
| Arabic | 14 825 | 16 713 | 21 783 | 26 467 |
| Somali | 16 721 | 17 871 | 19 059 | 20 007 |
| English | 16 732 | 17 784 | 18 758 | 19 626 |
| Kurdish | 10 731 | 11 271 | 12 226 | 13 327 |
| Persian, Farsi | 8 103 | 8 745 | 10 882 | 12 090 |
| Chinese | 10 110 | 10 722 | 11 334 | 11 825 |
| Albanian | 8 754 | 9 233 | 9 791 | 10 391 |
| Vietnamese | 7 532 | 8 273 | 9 248 | 9 872 |
| Total | 5 471 753 | 5 487 308 | 5 503 297 | 5 513 130 |
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 19.12.2018
Foreigners in Finland
| Country of citizenship | 2016 | % | 2017 | % | Annual change, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estonia | 51 499 | 21,1 | 51 539 | 20,7 | 0,1 |
| Russia | 30 970 | 12,7 | 29 183 | 11,7 | -5,8 |
| Iraq | 9 813 | 4,0 | 11 729 | 4,7 | 19,5 |
| China | 8 480 | 3,5 | 8 742 | 3,5 | 3,1 |
| Sweden | 8 040 | 3,3 | 8 018 | 3,2 | -0,3 |
| Thailand | 7 487 | 3,1 | 7 533 | 3,0 | 0,6 |
| Somalia | 7 018 | 2,9 | 6 677 | 2,7 | -4,9 |
| Afghanistan | 5 294 | 2,2 | 5 792 | 2,3 | 9,4 |
| Viet Nam | 5 253 | 2,2 | 5 603 | 2,2 | 6,7 |
| Syrian Arab Republic | 3 355 | 1,4 | 5 290 | 2,1 | 57,7 |
| Others | 106 430 | 43,7 | 109 346 | 43,8 | 2,7 |
| Total | 243 639 | 100 | 249 452 | 100 | 2,4 |
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 19.12.2018
Finnish citizenships granted 1)
| Country of previous citizenship | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Russia | 2 477 | 2 103 | 2 317 | 1 728 | 2 028 | 2 758 |
| Somalia | 609 | 814 | 834 | 955 | 1 066 | 957 |
| Iraq | 457 | 521 | 405 | 560 | 534 | 742 |
| Estonia | 521 | 436 | 382 | 420 | 459 | 705 |
| Afghanistan | 510 | 479 | 251 | 242 | 376 | 469 |
| Turkey | 278 | 271 | 257 | 229 | 264 | 313 |
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | 451 | 341 | 219 | 140 | 222 | 309 |
| Nigeria | 75 | 87 | 111 | 179 | 175 | 283 |
| Ukraine | 148 | 157 | 141 | 145 | 163 | 281 |
| Thailand | 75 | 104 | 125 | 150 | 193 | 261 |
| Others | 3 486 | 3 617 | 3 218 | 3 173 | 3 895 | 5 141 |
| Total | 9 087 | 8 930 | 8 260 | 7 921 | 9 375 | 12 219 |
1) Persons permanently resident in Finland
Source: Statistics Finland, Citizenships granted
Updated: 19.12.2018
Asylum-seekers and refugee quota
| 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asylum-seekers | 3 238 | 3 651 | 32 476 | 5 651 | 5 046 |
| Decisions on asylum 1) | |||||
| Asylum granted | 556 | 501 | 1 112 | 4 586 | 2 528 |
| Residence permit granted 2) | 1 271 | 845 | 767 | 3 159 | 1 256 |
| No asylum or residence permit granted 3) | 1 903 | 2 050 | 1 307 | 14 282 | 3 996 |
| Family reunification | |||||
| Positive decisions | 875 | 1 094 | 986 | 1 179 | 2 080 |
| Negative decisions | 1 692 | 1 035 | 406 | 283 | 619 |
| Refugee quota | 750 | 1 050 | 1 050 | 750 | 750 |
1) Decisions of the Finnish Immigration Service
2) Incl. residence permits granted on the basis of humanitarian and subsidiary protection
3) Change in the statistical practice from the beginning of 2015
Source: Finnish Immigration Service
Updated: 19.4.2018
Life expectancy
| Age | 2000 | 2010 | 2017 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males | Females | Males | Females | Males | Females | |
| Years | ||||||
| 0 | 74,1 | 81,0 | 76,7 | 83,2 | 78,7 | 84,2 |
| 10 | 64,6 | 71,4 | 67,0 | 73,5 | 68,9 | 74,4 |
| 20 | 54,8 | 61,5 | 57,2 | 63,6 | 59,1 | 64,5 |
| 30 | 45,4 | 51,7 | 47,8 | 53,8 | 49,6 | 54,7 |
| 40 | 36,1 | 42,1 | 38,3 | 44,0 | 40,0 | 45,0 |
| 50 | 27,3 | 32,7 | 29,3 | 34,6 | 30,8 | 35,3 |
| 60 | 19,2 | 23,7 | 21,1 | 25,5 | 22,1 | 26,2 |
| 70 | 12,1 | 15,2 | 13,8 | 17,0 | 14,6 | 17,6 |
| 80 | 6,6 | 8,2 | 7,6 | 9,4 | 8,1 | 9,9 |
Source: Statistics Finland, Deaths
Updated: 19.12.2018
Families, 2017
| All | Average | Families with children | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| families | size of family | aged 0–17 | aged 0–6 | |
| Total | 1 471 500 | 2,8 | 566 242 | 279 535 |
| Married couple without children | ||||
| Couples of opposite sex | 530 404 | 2,0 | . | . |
| Couples of same sex 1) | 2 282 | 2,0 | . | . |
| Married couple with children | ||||
| Couples of opposite sex | 412 102 | 4,0 | 329 864 | 163 152 |
| Couples of same sex 2) | 758 | 3,6 | 733 | 525 |
| Cohabiting couples of opposite sex | ||||
| Without children | 217 644 | 2,0 | . | . |
| With children | 123 234 | 3,7 | 111 065 | 70 770 |
| Mother with children | 152 460 | 2,5 | 106 939 | 41 798 |
| Father with children | 32 616 | 2,3 | 17 641 | 3 290 |
1) Incl. registered partnerships
2) Incl. registered partnerships with children
Source: Statistics Finland, Families
Updated: 19.12.2018
Families with children and the number of children, 2017
| Number of children aged 0–17 |
Families with children | % | Number of children | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 566 242 | 100 | 1 046 336 | 100 |
| 1 child | 241 709 | 42,7 | 241 709 | 23,1 |
| 2 children | 220 116 | 38,9 | 440 232 | 42,1 |
| 3 children | 75 326 | 13,3 | 225 978 | 21,6 |
| 4+ children | 29 091 | 5,1 | 138 417 | 13,2 |
Source: Statistics Finland, Families
Updated: 26.6.2018
Population data by region 1)
| Population density |
Population | Annual change |
Share of total population |
Excess of births |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| inh./km2 | % | % | ‰ 2) | ||
| 1.1.2018 | 31.12.2017 | 2017 | 2017 | 2017 | |
| Uusimaa | 182 | 1 655 624 | 1,1 | 30,0 | 2,7 |
| Varsinais-Suomi | 45 | 477 677 | 0,4 | 8,7 | -1,6 |
| Satakunta | 28 | 220 398 | -0,6 | 4,0 | -4,5 |
| Kanta-Häme | 33 | 172 720 | -0,6 | 3,1 | -2,2 |
| Pirkanmaa | 41 | 512 081 | 0,5 | 9,3 | -0,2 |
| Päijät-Häme | 39 | 201 228 | -0,2 | 3,6 | -3,2 |
| Kymenlaakso | 34 | 175 511 | -1,2 | 3,2 | -5,8 |
| South Karelia | 24 | 129 865 | -0,5 | 2,4 | -5,2 |
| Etelä-Savo | 10 | 147 194 | -1,2 | 2,7 | -7,7 |
| Pohjois-Savo | 15 | 246 653 | -0,5 | 4,5 | -3,5 |
| North Karelia | 9 | 162 986 | -0,7 | 3,0 | -4,6 |
| Central Finland | 17 | 276 031 | -0,1 | 5,0 | -1,7 |
| South Ostrobothnia | 14 | 190 910 | -0,5 | 3,5 | -1,7 |
| Ostrobothnia | 23 | 180 945 | -0,3 | 3,3 | -0,1 |
| Central Ostrobothnia | 14 | 68 780 | -0,4 | 1,2 | 1,2 |
| North Ostrobothnia | 11 | 411 856 | 0,2 | 7,5 | 2,8 |
| Kainuu | 4 | 73 959 | -1,1 | 1,3 | -6,1 |
| Lapland | 2 | 179 223 | -0,5 | 3,3 | -3,5 |
| Åland | 19 | 29 489 | 0,9 | 0,5 | 1,5 |
| Whole country | 18 | 5 513 130 | 0,2 | 100 | -0,6 |
1) Regional division as on 1 January 2018
2) Per thousand mean poplulation
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 20.12.2018
Population in the largest municipalities
| Population | Annual change, % | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 31.12.2017 1) | 2017 1) | ||
| 1. | Helsinki | 643 272 | 1,3 |
| 2. | Espoo | 279 044 | 1,6 |
| 3. | Tampere | 231 853 | 1,6 |
| 4. | Vantaa | 223 027 | 1,7 |
| 5. | Oulu | 201 810 | 0,6 |
| 6. | Turku | 189 669 | 1,1 |
| 7. | Jyväskylä | 140 188 | 1,0 |
| 8. | Lahti | 119 573 | 0,1 |
| 9. | Kuopio | 118 209 | 0,4 |
| 10. | Pori | 84 587 | -0,6 |
| 11. | Kouvola | 84 196 | -1,3 |
| 12. | Joensuu | 76 067 | 0,3 |
| 13. | Lappeenranta | 72 909 | 0,1 |
| 14. | Hämeenlinna | 67 662 | -0,3 |
| 15. | Vaasa | 67 392 | -0,3 |
| 16. | Seinäjoki | 62 676 | 1,0 |
| 17. | Rovaniemi | 62 420 | 0,3 |
| 18. | Mikkeli | 54 261 | -0,5 |
| 19. | Kotka | 53 539 | -1,2 |
| 20. | Salo | 52 984 | -1,0 |
| 21. | Porvoo | 50 159 | 0,0 |
| 22. | Kokkola | 47 723 | 0,0 |
| 23. | Lohja | 46 785 | -0,8 |
| 24. | Hyvinkää | 46 739 | 0,3 |
| 25. | Järvenpää | 42 572 | 2,5 |
| 26. | Nurmijärvi | 42 159 | 0,4 |
| 27. | Rauma | 39 620 | 0,0 |
| 28. | Kirkkonummi | 39 170 | 0,4 |
| 29. | Tuusula | 38 646 | 0,2 |
| 30. | Kajaani | 37 239 | -0,8 |
| 31. | Kerava | 35 554 | 0,1 |
| 32. | Savonlinna | 34 664 | -1,6 |
1) The total number of municipalities 311. Regional division as on 1 January 2018.
Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure
Updated: 4.4.2017
Main topic: Population
Last updated 10 Jan 2019