Indicators of R&D expenditure in selected OECD and other countries in 2002
| R&D expenditure |
Proportion of R&D expenditure in OECD area |
GDP share of R&D expenditure |
Business enterprises' proportion of R&D expenditure |
Percentage of R&D expenditure financed by government*** |
|
| USD Mill.(PPP) | % | % | % | % | |
| EU-15 | 191,451 | 29.5 | 1.9 | 64.4 | *34.1 |
| Germany | 53,972 | 8.3 | 2.5 | 69.4 | 31.5 |
| France | 36,618 | 5.6 | 2.2 | 62.2 | *36.9 |
| United Kingdom | 31,037 | 4.8 | 1.9 | 67.0 | 26.9 |
| Italy* | 16,351 | 2.5 | 1.1 | 49.1 | **51.3 |
| Sweden* | 10,221 | 1.6 | 4.3 | 77.6 | 21.0 |
| Spain | 9,387 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 54.6 | 39.1 |
| Netherlands* | 8,683 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 58.3 | 36.2 |
| Belgium* | 6,053 | 0.9 | 2.2 | 73.7 | 21.4 |
| Finland | 4,761 | 0.7 | 3.5 | 69.9 | 26.1 |
| Austria | 4,499 | 0.7 | 1.9 | **63.6 | 40.9 |
| Denmark | 3,962 | 0.6 | 2.5 | 69.3 | *28.0 |
| Portugal | 1,775 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 34.4 | *61.0 |
| Ireland* | 1,317 | 0.2 | 1.2 | 69.7 | **22.6 |
| Greece* | 1,210 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 32.7 | 46.9 |
| Luxemburg** | 363 | 0.1 | 1.7 | 92.6 | 7.7 |
| Other OECD countries | |||||
| United States | 277,100 | 42.7 | 2.7 | 70.2 | 30.2 |
| Japan | 106,838 | 16.5 | 3.1 | 74.4 | 18.2 |
| South Korea | 23,550 | 3.6 | 2.9 | 74.9 | 25.4 |
| Canada | 18,163 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 55.2 | 33.3 |
| Australia** | 7,810 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 47.5 | 45.7 |
| Switzerland** | 5,507 | 0.8 | 2.6 | 73.9 | 23.2 |
| Turkey** | 2,910 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 33.4 | 50.6 |
| Norway | 2,694 | 0.4 | 1.7 | 57.4 | *39.8 |
| Poland | 2,434 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 21.4 | 61.1 |
| Czech Republic | 2,001 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 61.1 | 42.1 |
| Hungary | 1,445 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 35.5 | 58.6 |
| Slovakia | 381 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 64.3 | 44.1 |
| Iceland | 253 | 0.0 | 3.1 | 57.2 | *34.0 |
| OECD total | 648,988 | 100.0 | 2.3 | 68.0 | 29.9 |
| Other countries | |||||
| China | 72,014 | . | 1.2 | 61.2 | **33.4 |
| Russia | 14,734 | . | 1.2 | 69.9 | 58.4 |
| Taiwan | 12,194 | . | 2.3 | 62.2 | 35.2 |
| Israel | 6,294 | . | 4.7 | 73.0 | **25.0 |
Part of data preliminary or estimates
* Data from 2001
** Data from 2000
*** Proportion of public administration in R&D funding of
universities, research institutes and business enterprises. Not
including public loans.
Source: OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators vol. 1/2004; NIFU.
Last updated 30.1.2006
Contents (Research and development 2002)
Official Statistics of Finland (OSF):
Research and development [e-publication].
2002,
Indicators of R&D expenditure in selected OECD and other countries in 2002
. Helsinki: Statistics Finland [referred: 27.5.2012].
Access method: http://www.stat.fi/til/tkke/2002/tkke_2002_2006-01-30_tau_001_en.html.
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Indicators of R&D expenditure in selected OECD and other countries in 2002
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